Development of the Wheat Harvester Industry is Stable in China(Development Opportunity Phase of Seco
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本文導(dǎo)讀目錄：
1、Development of the Wheat Harvester Industry is Stable in China
2、Development Opportunity Phase of Second-hand Agricultural Machinery Market Comes Quietly
Development of the Wheat Harvester Industry is Stable in China ♂
Development of the Wheat Harvester Industry is Stable in ChinaUnder the support of the preferential agricultural policies, in terms of the wheat harvester industry, the capability of independent innovation enhances, the step of industrial transformation speeds up and the industrial agglomeration effect emerges, thus making outstanding contributions to improvement of China’s wheat mechanization level. From the perspective of the development trend, the whole wheat harvester industry is still in a better development opportunity period in history and is stably carrying forward the development goals of the middle and high-end industries and market.
The wheat harvester industry shows a steady development trend
(1) The industrial focusing effort is showing. China has established and perfected the long-term mechanism for input of “agriculture, farmer and rural area” and the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has issued the No. 1 files related to agriculture continuously for 12 years, thus the input of “agriculture, farmer and rural area” has kept a higher level in history all the time. The allowance funds for agricultural machinery has increased to 23.65 billion yuan in 2015 from 0.07 billion yuan in 2004, which powerfully promotes the development of the harvest machinery industry. From the perspective of the geographical distribution, China has formed the wheat harvester industrial clusters in Shandong, Anhui and Henan Provinces etc. and constructed the industrial pattern of orderly development. From the perspective of the industrial pattern, China has not had the enterprises that can manufacture wheat harvester products independently. There are 8 enterprises with the manufacturing capability of 3 kinds of harvest machinery including wheat, paddy and corn harvest machinery, 5 enterprises with the manufacturing capability of 2 kinds of harvest machinery including paddy and corn harvest machinery, and 11 enterprises with the manufacturing capability of 2 kinds of harvest machinery including wheat and corn harvest machinery, which is able to support the harvest demands of the grain crops in China. From the perspective of the industrial value chain, the domestic main enterprises start from the wheat harvester industry, which promotes the diversification of the harvest machinery industry. The industrial technical platform is promoting stably, thus the actual difference between the China’s technological level and the international advanced technological level is being reduced constantly.
(2) The quality promotion is enhancing stably. By mean of comprehensive judgment, China’s wheat harvester products are rapidly developing towards the large and middle scale, medium and high-end and intelligentization and the industry is still in the growth period. Firstly, in terms of the technical application level, the domestic wheat harvester mainly adopts three kinds of technical platforms, namely, for the machinery with the feed quantity lower than 7 kg/s, the flow cutting roller plus horizontal axial-flow roller threshing separation technology is mainly adopted; for the machinery with the feed quantity above 7 kg/s, the flow cutting roller plus longitudinal axial-flow single or double-roller threshing separation technology is mainly adopted; and the single longitudinal axial-flow roller threshing separation technology is also adopted in China, which meet demands of different users. Secondly, from the perspective of the development practice, the research & development and manufacturing level of wheat harvester of domestic enterprises increases significantly; the new wheat harvester products with the large feed quantity appear on the market constantly and the research & development and manufacturing capability of 10 kg/s and 12 kg/s longitudinal axial-flow products improves stably. The product reliability and MTBF increase significantly and the problems such as blocking of the unloading cylinder, fault of the clutch and high temperature of the engine are solved effectively, which basically is able to meet operating requirements of the users. Thirdly, in terms of service condition, demands for the longitudinal axial-flow products is enlarged constantly in northeast China and other large-parcel operation organizations and the middle and high-end products make the substantial breakthrough, which occupies about 3% space; the market share of horizontal axial-flow products in the traditional market of the winter wheat area is still maintained at about 97% and the conformity of product quality and agriculture improves significantly.
(3) The market pattern optimizes continuously. The harvest machinery enterprises, sales volume, time and user competition pattern is relatively concentrated in China. In recent years, the sales volume of harvest machinery has been maintained at more than 40 thousand sets, the characteristic of “years with the large sales volume and year with the small sales volume” are changed and the market has entered the mature period. Firstly, the sales enterprises are concentrated and the competition pattern forms basically. The sales volume of the leading three enterprises in the industry accounts for about 85% of that of the whole industry; the competitive ranking is stable and the breakthrough cannot be made in the differentiation advantages among enterprises in short time. Secondly, the sales areas are concentrated. The winter wheat areas such as Henan, Shandong, Anhui, Hebei and Jiangsu etc. become the main sales areas. The sales volume of these areas accounts for about 90% of that of the total sales volume, thus these areas become the important targeted markets of the enterprises. Thirdly, the sales time is concentrated. The market demand for the wheat harvesters still keeps the high-level operation in China. Over the years, the market sales volume of the first half year has accounted for nearly 85% of that of the whole year, and the market sales volume of the first half year is basically consistent with agriculture demand of the wheat harvester of the first half year in the winter wheat area; the agricultural demand product quantity of the last half year in the spring wheat areas and paddy and wheat rotation areas is about 15%. Fourthly, the sales machine types are concentrated. Influenced by subsidies orientation, the 6 kg/s machine types mainly are the machine types sold most in 2014 and 2015 and occupy the main position of the market with the market share of about 95%. Fifthly, the users are concentrated. The cross-area operation becomes a unique bright point of the wheat harvester. In China, the land circulation speeds up and the agricultural machinery cooperative associations and the family farms etc. develop rapidly. The agricultural machinery cooperative association and the family farm have been become the main purchasing objects of the large and middle-sized products and their market share has been above 60%.
Development of the wheat harvesters needs breakthrough.
As one of the outstanding products to promote China’s agricultural mechanization, the wheat harvester still has a larger promotion space in many aspects including development quality, innovation capability, growth experience etc. Large scale but weak strength is still the bottleneck needing to be broken through by the industry and the industry is also confronted with the practice challenges brought by the industrial breakthrough, talent cultivation and commercial mode.
(1) The industrial breakthrough lacks the innovation driving. Due to weak innovation and research & development ability and insufficient innovative creation, the overall industrial structure is still in the middle and low level of the international division of labor and industrial chain.
Firstly, there is the difference in the industrial level. The core technology is difficult to be broken through or it may be controlled by people, which is the crucial reason why the wheat harvester industry is large in scale but weak in strength. The multinational enterprises have possessed the intelligent, middle and high-end and large and middle-sized series wheat harvester products; in China, the wheat harvester industry is mainly the middle and low-end industry and has middle and small-sized products; the homogenization phenomenon of the low-efficiency resources is very serious and the ability of independent innovation needs to be improved further. Secondly, the manufacturing ability needs to be improved. The core parts manufacturing and the key technology of reliability still have a larger development space and there is an obvious difference between the domestic and foreign similar kinds of products. The practice application of flexible manufacturing system (FMS), networked manufacturing system and information management etc. needs to be improved rapidly. The comprehensive application level of mechanics-electronics-hydraulics integration technology still has a larger upgrade space. The application strength of the hydrostatic drive technology is not insufficient. The steering drive axle for large-sized combine harvester, electro-hydraulic suspension system controlled by the bus and other key parts still need to be imported from foreign countries. The capability of independent innovation in aspects of advanced technology, material and hydraulic pressure is insufficient. The industry is confronted with three prominent problems, that is, excess overall production capacity, improper product structure and the situation that the high-end application field cannot achieve the self-supporting completely. Thirdly, the product quality needs to be improved. The foreign same kinds of advanced large-sized products widely adopt the CPU processing technology, bus control technology, laser measurement technology, GPS system location technology and satellite remote sensing technology etc. to achieve the intelligent control of the agricultural machinery equipment. While, in China, the wheat harvester products with the large feed quantity are in sore need of promotion of high performance, differentiation, functionalization and intelligentization so as to promote the industrial transformation, upgrade and sustainable development.
(2) The talent cultivation lacks the first-mover mode. The actual problems in the aspect of the industrial talents include lack of the middle and high-level talents and the lag of the human resources training mechanism, which become the key factor to restrict the enterprise development, and the too fast flow of the existing talents, which is not conducive to enterprise development.
From the perspective of practice, the total quantities, structure, whole quality and skills of talents required by the development of the agricultural machinery enterprises are difficult to provide motivation for the enterprises to transform from the speed type expansion to the quality type increase.
(3) The commercial competition mode needs to be constructed.
At present, the internal and external environments of the enterprises have changed, thus, enterprises need to make their enterprise resources and the competition ability consistent, grasp the industrial and regional market changes, grasp and cope with the differentiated marketing strategies and operation thinking of various competitors, grasp the essence of the market opportunity points and break through the problems of the actual marketing,
Firstly, enterprises lack the tendency and pertinency research of the preferential agricultural policies, competitors and user relations, and the situation that the enterprises are self-centered is very serious. The enterprises do not grasp the change rule and trend of the external environment and are not able to recognize and grasp the development opportunity exiting in the new round of policies, industries and market rule changes. Secondly, some agricultural machinery enterprises gradually adopt the e-commerce and Wechat and other business platforms, but, affected by the regional agency and regional allowance etc., the using degree in only in the user information management stage. Thirdly, it is “dynamic” in interior of the enterprises but “static” outside the enterprises. In the aspect of the competition concept, some agricultural machinery enterprises still rely on sales of products rather than transfer of value. “Dynamic” refers to carry out promotion in the aspect of the external force of the sales personnel of the enterprises. “Static” refers to lack the powerful promotion of the internal cause of the terminal caused by the channel dealers. In terms of the competition value, affected by these aspects including product resources, enterprise cultivation and sales habit etc., some enterprises mainly rely on the promotion activities based on the product price and service, lack the plan action for providing the practical solutions for the agricultural equipment and do not vitalize the dealers’ initiative from the aspects of system and mechanism. Fourthly, in the aspect of the user maintenance, lack the user management, maintenance and popularization with the agricultural mechanization service organization and also lack the integration and research in aspects of the agricultural machinery order operation, intermediary agent information service , cross-area service and agricultural machinery leasing etc.
Development Opportunity Phase of Second-hand Agricultural Machinery Market Comes Quietly ♂
Development Opportunity Phase of Second-hand Agricultural Machinery Market Comes QuietlyIn the gold mining industry, many people concentrate on extracting gold from the high-grade ores. But the high-grade ores are few than gold, so some people carry out the second-time extraction from the tailings having been mined and “waste rocks” having been refined. Due to usage of the latest extraction technologies, wastes can be changed into treasures frequently, thus making some people line their pockets.
The situation of domestic second-hand equipment market of agricultural machinery is exactly equivalent to tailings of the gold mining industry. Some people “abandon the second-hand agricultural machinery as the waste shoes”. However, there are also some people seeing the huge commercial opportunity from the second-hand agricultural machinery market and they are setting about excavating treasures from the second-hand agricultural machinery market.
The author thinks that the commercial opportunity phase of the large-scale deals of second-hand agricultural machinery has come in China.
The second-hand agricultural machinery source, which is large in quantity and is supplemented constantly
It shall be analyzed from two aspects, namely, “quantity” and “quality”.
From the perspective of “quantity”, after ten years’ allowance policy for purchasing agricultural machinery from 2004 to 2015, domestic volume of trade of agricultural machinery of 2004 is only 50 billion yuan, while, that of 2015 has approached 450 billion yuan. China has become the first largest agricultural machinery manufacturing and trading country. With the constant increase of the output value and the volume of trade, domestic inventory of agricultural machinery also increases correspondingly. According to the statistics, large and middle-sized tractors, combine harvesters, middle and small-sized tractors on active service are respectively more than 7.5 million sets, 3.2 million sets and 25 million sets and the rice transplanters on service are 1.2 million sets at home at present. And there are also a large amount of small classes of agricultural machinery products. Thus, from the perspective of quantity, there are sufficient supply quantities in domestic market of the second-hand agricultural machinery.
In terms of “quality”, from the perspective of automobile and engineering machinery industries, any machine can circulate and be traded in the second-hand market in theory. But, only the second-hand agricultural machinery with famous brands and good public praise can circulate and be traded in the second-hand market in fact, such as full-series products of Volkswagen, Caterpillar excavator and Komatsu excavator etc.
At present, in domestic existing agricultural machinery products, about 10% of large-sized equipment is products of international famous brand purely imported, including John Deere, CASE IH NEW HOLLAND, CLAAS, Agco etc. and about 35% of large and middle-sized products is products manufactured in China by such enterprises including domestic YTO, FOTON Heavy Industry, John Deere, Kubota etc.
Most of these agricultural machinery products have the short service time, good machinery conditions, cheap prices and good recirculation value. In addition, due to the bargain mentality, many users of the cooperative association buy many agricultural machinery products even though they do not need these agricultural machinery products in order to enjoy the allowance policy. But most of these products are not be used, thus the domestic market does not lack the high-quality second-hand equipment.
Besides the existing products, the continuous supplies of goods are also necessary for the second-hand machinery. The existing huge agricultural machinery inventory is the basic condition for the trading of the second-hand agricultural machinery. However, if a market wants a long-term development, it also needs the continuous supplies of goods, which also can be achieved easily in domestic agricultural machinery market.
There are two channels to obtain the new supply of the second-hand machinery. The first one is the domestic supply channel. From the perspective of the current demands, 0.3 million sets of large and middle tractor products, 0.15 million sets of combine harvesters and about 0.45 million sets of large and middle-sized high-efficiency compound agricultural machinery products are needed at home per year. These new marketing products will become the potential supplies of the second-hand machinery after completion of the first sale.
The second-hand machinery owners have the selling willingness
At home, there are two kinds of users buying the agricultural machinery. One kind of users is the agricultural machinery specialized households or the agricultural machinery operation cooperative association. This kind of users mainly aims to make the agricultural machinery used in the operating activities and thereby acquire incomes; the other kind of users buys agricultural machinery for their own use. This kind of users can be divided into the individual small farmers and the users of the organized cooperative association.
According to the actual situation, these two kinds of users are willing to sell the second-hand agricultural machinery. The first kind of users needs to buy higher-efficiency agricultural machinery constantly in order to acquire higher and more incomes. Of course, they will sell old agricultural machinery of them.
For the second kind of users, the users of the organized cooperative association frequently have the agricultural machinery products with the huge value. For the cooperative associations which we have come into contact with, the cooperative associations with 3000 mu of lands possess the agricultural machinery products with the value of 3 million yuan. In Heilongjiang, more than 500 cooperative associations have the agricultural machinery funds with the value of 10 million yuan.
But, from the perspective of the use ratio of the agricultural machinery, more than a half of agricultural machinery products in the cooperative associations are in ordinary. In the past few years, the national allowance policy for purchasing agricultural machinery has the strict rules on subsidized products’ appearing on the market and recirculation. But this kind of rules is cancelled in some places, thus, for the cooperative associations with the huge agricultural machinery funds in the later period, they are also willing to sell their products having been in ordinary for a long time if some users are in demand.
There are the large consumer groups
Seller and buyer are the foundation for forming of a market. Buyers exist in China’s agricultural machinery market naturally.
From the perspective of several folk large-sized second-hand machinery trading markets in Shandong, Henan and northeast China, the users who would like to buy the second-hand machinery are mainly divided into three kinds. The first kind is the users who are in demand but have the limited purchasing capacity, which is the most. The second kind is users who know the business and are rational. The third kind is the bargain-hunting users.
According to data showed by National Bureau of Statistics, net income per peasant was just over 10 thousand yuan in the whole country in 2015. Although there is a larger increase extent of the net income per peasant every year, the increase extent of the net income per peasant is far away from that of the price of the industrial products. Thus, comparatively speaking, the level of the peasant’s purchasing capacity is very low; under the condition of incomplete policies such as rural financial credit policy etc., it is a kind of rational consuming behavior if the users with the low purchasing capacity select the second-hand agriculture machinery with cheaper price.
In terms of the several large folk markets, the price of the second-hand agricultural machinery with the 70% of new degree is only a half of that of the new machine. However, using the old agricultural machinery cannot have large influence on the operation performance, thus, it is no doubt that using money for a new machine to buy two old machines and earn double money is very attractive to users with low purchasing capacity.
There are rich trading channels
From the perspective of existing selling channels for the second-hand agricultural machinery, there are three main channels that are trading between acquaintances, folk markets forming spontaneously and reselling of the subsidized agricultural machinery products.
Trading between acquaintances
There is not a mature trading market for second-hand agricultural machinery at home. So the second-hand agricultural machinery products are mainly circulated between acquaintances at present. Under the condition of the unsound market mechanism, trading between acquaintances can reduce the trading costs, and also can effectively reduce the economic disputes after trading.
Folk markets forming spontaneously:
Several large trading markets for second-hand agricultural machinery have formed spontaneously at present, such as the second-hand agricultural machinery markets in Xinxiang and Zhumadian of Henan Province, and second-hand agricultural machinery markets in Qingzhou and Weifang of Shandong Province etc. And what is more, there are also many second-hand agricultural machinery markets with different scales in many Provinces with the sufficient agricultural machinery products.
Reselling of the subsidized agricultural machinery products
Profit-seeking is the essence of the business. And the basic condition for forming of the goods circulation is difference in price. In China, the primary cause of reselling the subsidized agricultural machinery products is the difference in price of the agricultural machinery products resulted from the different allowance proportion in various regions and the sufficient and insufficient allowance funds.
During the ten years from 2004 to 2015, many climaxes of the reselling of the subsidized agricultural machinery products occur in China. The typical climaxes are reselling tractors and harvesters and other large-sized agricultural machinery products from Jilin and Liaoning to Heilongjiang in 2011, and reselling rice harvesters and rice transplanters etc. from accumulative subsidies areas including Jiangsu and Zhejiang etc. and northeast China regions continuously lasting for 5 or 6 years from 2009.
With the constant increase of the allowance funds and gradual cancel of accumulative allowances in various regions, scale of this kind of cross-area and cross-province reselling of agricultural machinery products reduces correspondingly, but this trend cannot stop and also cannot completely eradicate in short time. In recent two years, the large second-hand agricultural machinery in the northeast China have flowed into inlands, such as a large amount of large second-hand stockbreeding machines in northeast China have started to enter northern inland markets such as Shaanxi, Ningxia etc. since last year, which impacted local sales of the new machines seriously.
According to reckoning, trading volume of reselling of subsidized agricultural machinery products is nearly more than 50 billion yuan per year at present and the reselling market of the subsidized agricultural machinery products is a huge potential trading market.
There is the natural demand echelon
Demands between these markets are upgrading upwards and the time difference is about three to five years, that is, agricultural machinery products popular in northeast China and Xinjiang etc. will be popular in the middle-level markets in Central Plains and East China etc. after three to five years. The demand echelon and time difference provide sufficient condition for trading time and spaces of the second-hand agricultural machinery.
The commercial opportunity is flowing all the time like water. Only talents with the highly sensitive business acumen can take the preemptive opportunity. According to foreign authoritative organization’s long-term tracking and research on the world’s top 500 enterprises, the profitability of enterprises with the first prophet is above 30% higher than that of the follower enterprises in average.
While, in the current information society, technologies and products are upgrading at the accelerated speed. The enterprises with the dull business acumen not only cannot make profits, but also will be eliminated rapidly. In that way, confronted with coming of the commercial opportunity for the second-hand agricultural machinery, what do you want, taking a share of the spoils or letting the opportunity get away from you?
DISCO系列割草壓扁機(jī)介紹 ♂
DISCO系列割草壓扁機(jī)介紹關(guān)于我：
“我叫弗洛里安·巴爾巴赫。我在德國(guó)南部巴德紹爾高的CLAAS工廠工作。作為業(yè)務(wù)開發(fā)經(jīng)理，我負(fù)責(zé)德國(guó)工廠與CLAAS海外銷售公司（包括CLAAS中國(guó)銷售公司）之間的項(xiàng)目協(xié)調(diào)。在上一次采訪中，我談到了DISCO系列組合式割草壓扁機(jī)和我們收獲苜蓿的吉尼斯世界紀(jì)錄。這一次，我將介紹一些使DISCO系列割草壓扁機(jī)與眾不同的細(xì)節(jié)?！?/p>
卓越的制作質(zhì)量-Florian Balbach在DISCO 9200 RC后懸掛割草壓扁機(jī)前
1. 降低動(dòng)力輸出速度以獲得最佳燃油效率
“在條件允許的情況下，所有DISCO系列割草壓扁機(jī)都可以以850轉(zhuǎn)/分的降低動(dòng)力輸出速度運(yùn)行。這種“集成經(jīng)濟(jì)型動(dòng)力輸出（PTO）”顯著降低了油耗。除此之外，ACTIVE FLOAT液壓氣動(dòng)懸掛系統(tǒng)還進(jìn)一步顯著節(jié)省了燃油?！?/p>
降低動(dòng)力輸出軸轉(zhuǎn)速可顯著節(jié)省燃油
2. 儲(chǔ)刀盒-直接放在機(jī)器上，隨時(shí)可用
“備用的刀和桿直接在割草壓扁機(jī)上，因此在需要時(shí)總是在手邊。刀盒是防水的，因此為刀具提供最佳保護(hù)。刀具的零件號(hào)直接顯示在刀盒上，這意味著您不需要查找零件號(hào)。換刀很快，只需幾秒鐘?！?/p>
DISCO系列割草壓扁機(jī)上的儲(chǔ)刀盒
3. 易于清潔和維護(hù)
“清潔機(jī)器或進(jìn)行維護(hù)時(shí)，可及性非常重要。DISCO系列割草壓扁機(jī)上的壓扁輥非常容易進(jìn)行清潔和維護(hù)工作。提供方便的掛鉤以固定保護(hù)罩。這意味著保護(hù)罩會(huì)被存放起來，并且不會(huì)被擋住——這是一個(gè)小細(xì)節(jié)，使清潔和維護(hù)變得更加容易和方便?！?/p>
帶掛鉤的保護(hù)罩，便于清潔和維護(hù)
4. 超低維護(hù)需求
“MAX CUT切割器是密封的，使用壽命潤(rùn)滑，因此免維護(hù)。所有DISCO系列割草壓扁機(jī)的驅(qū)動(dòng)軸都有250小時(shí)的潤(rùn)滑間隔。免維護(hù)切割器和驅(qū)動(dòng)軸的長(zhǎng)潤(rùn)滑間隔使DISCO系列割草壓扁機(jī)成為一臺(tái)僅需超低維護(hù)的利器?！?/p>
潤(rùn)滑間隔為250小時(shí)的驅(qū)動(dòng)軸。
“在CLAAS，我們一直致力于提高機(jī)器性能和飼料質(zhì)量。關(guān)注細(xì)節(jié)是不錯(cuò)的割草壓扁機(jī)和卓越的割草壓扁機(jī)的區(qū)別。DISCO系列割草壓扁機(jī)提供高性能，卓越的可靠性和最佳的效率。希望以上內(nèi)容能幫助您更好地了解CLAAS DISCO系列系列割草壓扁機(jī)。如果您計(jì)劃購(gòu)買DISCO系列割草壓扁機(jī)或有進(jìn)一步的問題，請(qǐng)聯(lián)系您當(dāng)?shù)氐腃LAAS授權(quán)經(jīng)銷商。祝您收獲成功！”
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