人工智能如何帶“火”農(nóng)業(yè)(人工智能如何應(yīng)用于農(nóng)業(yè)? 趙春江院士:分五步)
農(nóng)機(jī)大全網(wǎng)(www.wgjtg.com)今天給各位分享人工智能如何帶“火”農(nóng)業(yè)的知識,其中也會對人工智能如何應(yīng)用于農(nóng)業(yè)? 趙春江院士:分五步進(jìn)行解釋,如果能碰巧解決你現(xiàn)在面臨的問題,別忘了關(guān)注本站,現(xiàn)在開始吧!
本文導(dǎo)讀目錄:
2、人工智能如何應(yīng)用于農(nóng)業(yè)? 趙春江院士:分五步
3、人工智能將顛覆傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè),你準(zhǔn)備好了嗎(中英雙語)
人工智能如何帶“火”農(nóng)業(yè) ♂
人工智能如何帶“火”農(nóng)業(yè)?
在底肥里添加油渣,是紀(jì)榮喜(前)種植草莓的秘方。 穆功 攝
7月20日清晨,全國勞動模范紀(jì)榮喜起了個大早,收拾行囊從江蘇鎮(zhèn)江趕往云南昆明。同他一起上飛機(jī)的,除了鎮(zhèn)江市的幾位草莓種植“高手”外,還有一大包農(nóng)家肥和鏟子等農(nóng)具——這是他為參加第一屆“多多農(nóng)研科技大賽”決賽準(zhǔn)備的“裝備”。
7月22日,由中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)和拼多多共同發(fā)起的第一屆“多多農(nóng)研科技大賽”決賽在昆明正式啟動。自大賽啟動招募開始,吸引了來自全球超過17支AI(人工智能)隊伍,超過108人報名。經(jīng)過激烈的初賽答辯及評審,最終,4支“AI隊伍”進(jìn)入決賽。與他們一起較量的,是紀(jì)榮喜勞模工作隊、圣野漿果富民隊、艷九天巾幗隊、神農(nóng)小隊等4支由國內(nèi)頂尖草莓農(nóng)人組成的隊伍。
在接下來4個月,54位選手將在位于昆明市富民縣的國家高原云果產(chǎn)業(yè)園內(nèi)開展高原草莓“人機(jī)”種植競賽,探索“傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)驗”與“人工智能”的結(jié)合之道,最終得到可復(fù)制的本土化數(shù)字農(nóng)業(yè)解決方案。
資深農(nóng)人帶著“秘方”來參賽
記者在23日的比賽現(xiàn)場看到,8個全透明的獨立溫室內(nèi)各有6條10米的基質(zhì)槽用于種植草莓,目前草莓苗已全部定植完畢。
主辦方介紹,為保持比賽的公平性,選手所使用的草莓均是由云南農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院統(tǒng)一提供的“章姬”品種。大賽提供標(biāo)準(zhǔn)版的基質(zhì)、水肥,參賽團(tuán)隊也可根據(jù)自身需求調(diào)配,最終進(jìn)行成本核算。
“農(nóng)人隊”的溫室為傳統(tǒng)鋼架地栽溫棚,配備定比施肥器、水泵、滴灌軟管等基本設(shè)備。這些裝備雖然平淡無奇,但頂尖農(nóng)人們卻各有“秘方”。
“我的秘訣很簡單,就是在底肥里添加油渣,這樣種出來的草莓更香甜?!奔o(jì)榮喜說,江蘇鎮(zhèn)江有著三十多年的草莓種植歷史,他本人從1984年起就開始種草莓。這次希望通過精細(xì)化管理和豐富農(nóng)事經(jīng)驗,能夠和“人工智能”一決高下。
由遼寧省第十三屆人大代表馬廷東牽頭的“圣野漿果富民”隊對比賽信心滿滿,隊中有鉆研草莓三十年的高級農(nóng)藝師史功成。“在傳統(tǒng)草莓種植過程中,農(nóng)人的經(jīng)驗十分重要,需要對草莓進(jìn)行長期、精細(xì)的照料,根據(jù)草莓所處的不同時期隨時做調(diào)整?!笔饭Τ上蛴浾呓忉?,“比如現(xiàn)在,草莓植株定植成活后會長出較多的匍匐莖,要及時摘去,否則會消耗母株營養(yǎng);有些剛長出來,藏在葉片下面很不起眼,用機(jī)器不一定能立刻發(fā)現(xiàn)。”史功成一邊說著,一邊從葉柄基部小心翼翼地摘掉一個很小的匍匐莖。
90后孫郁晴是一名“莓二代”,她是“艷九天巾幗”隊的成員,在剛剛拿到美國東北大學(xué)研究生獎學(xué)金后,孫郁晴選擇回到家鄉(xiāng),和母親一起從事草莓種植行業(yè)。
“來之前,我們不知道現(xiàn)在技術(shù)已經(jīng)這么先進(jìn)了。以前我們也用過物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù),但傳感器數(shù)據(jù)處理不準(zhǔn)確,覺得還不如人工方便,就放棄了。希望借這次比賽,把草莓種植在經(jīng)驗的基礎(chǔ)上再往前推一步,尤其看AI怎么把種植決策建立在精準(zhǔn)的數(shù)據(jù)基礎(chǔ)上,為我們公司日后的發(fā)展,提高工人的工作效率等做鋪墊?!?/p>
構(gòu)建人和AI協(xié)同發(fā)展的共生關(guān)系
和“傳統(tǒng)組”相對是AI組的四個高大溫室,里面設(shè)施相對比較復(fù)雜,配備了內(nèi)遮陽、頂開窗、側(cè)開窗、內(nèi)循環(huán)通風(fēng)、灌溉、施肥、水肥智能控制等系統(tǒng)。記者注意到,棚內(nèi)完全看不到工作人員的身影,只有溫度、濕度、光照等數(shù)值在電子顯示屏上閃爍。
“我們的AI系統(tǒng)能讀取溫度、風(fēng)速、輻射強(qiáng)度、相對濕度等38個生產(chǎn)環(huán)境參數(shù)。即便不在溫室,也能遠(yuǎn)程調(diào)控通風(fēng)窗、水肥等。”AI戰(zhàn)隊“智多莓”的隊長程飚介紹,相比傳統(tǒng)種植,人工智能種草莓在節(jié)省人力、精準(zhǔn)調(diào)控上有顯著優(yōu)勢。
這支來自云南本土的技術(shù)強(qiáng)隊計劃將近紅外光譜分析技術(shù)應(yīng)用在草莓生長上。這項技術(shù)此前被公安、化工領(lǐng)域成熟應(yīng)用,常見于毒品、化工品的無損檢測。
程飚介紹,原理在于將光譜變化同植株生長、病蟲害對應(yīng),并通過15項環(huán)境參數(shù)、7項作物參數(shù),建立起一套草莓PCSE生長模型,并由AI自動做出種植策略判斷。
“用算法訓(xùn)練機(jī)器的同時,也希望可以訓(xùn)練農(nóng)人,讓其靈活掌握應(yīng)用這套技術(shù),讓農(nóng)民變成技術(shù)工人?!背天f。
如何讓人工智能、機(jī)器人學(xué)習(xí)到頂尖農(nóng)人們的種植經(jīng)驗,進(jìn)而優(yōu)化生產(chǎn)管理過程,這始終是科學(xué)家們在此次比賽中關(guān)心的問題。
來自荷蘭瓦赫寧根大學(xué)博士生閔錢曦是云南人,作為一支AI戰(zhàn)隊的成員,她希望探索將最前沿的技術(shù)在家鄉(xiāng)落地?!跋乱淮鷾厥抑悄芸刂频哪J綄腔凇兄獋鬏敗伎肌臎Q策模式,通過雙層算法單元讓AI提供更優(yōu)的解決辦法?!彼J(rèn)為,人類的知識和經(jīng)驗,可以和AI共存,并且用更簡單、更可持續(xù)方法為每個人提供優(yōu)質(zhì)美味的蔬果。
Cyberfarmer(網(wǎng)絡(luò)莓農(nóng))隊的代表林森有類似觀點。他們在決賽中,將采用基于知識圖譜的溫室智慧管控決策方法。簡單來說,就是輸出一套草莓種植決策模型,并根據(jù)草莓生長參數(shù)和環(huán)境參數(shù)的反饋,訓(xùn)練AI進(jìn)行自動控制。
“當(dāng)前的人工智能,是大數(shù)據(jù)和深度學(xué)習(xí)為代表的弱人工智能,更高級形式則是碳智能和人機(jī)混合智能?!绷稚f,未來人和AI一定是協(xié)同發(fā)展、人機(jī)共生的關(guān)系。
探索可復(fù)制的數(shù)字科技應(yīng)用范本
中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)副校長龔元石表示,這次比賽的初衷,在于探索將國際最前沿的數(shù)字農(nóng)業(yè)科技做本地化應(yīng)用,形成一套可復(fù)制、可推廣的模式與經(jīng)驗,并在中國各大農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)區(qū)落地。
在決賽中,各支隊伍種出的草莓將經(jīng)歷嚴(yán)格評估:產(chǎn)量及品質(zhì)、投入產(chǎn)出比、算法及種植策略的先進(jìn)性等。
“多多農(nóng)研科技大賽”組委會負(fù)責(zé)人蘭克介紹,關(guān)鍵在于利用能源及農(nóng)資最少,種出草莓品質(zhì)最佳,效益最高。
南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)教授倪軍是一支本土AI隊伍的隊長,他認(rèn)為利用多樣性傳感器及作物生長感知技術(shù),可以有效減少化肥、農(nóng)藥用量,提升產(chǎn)量和品質(zhì)。此前其團(tuán)隊已在大田糧食作物生產(chǎn)中的氮肥管理領(lǐng)域有成功經(jīng)驗。
“采用新技術(shù)的種植策略,肥料利用率可達(dá)到50%以上?!蹦哕姳硎荆?jīng)過實地測算,畝省水70%、省肥50%左右,相當(dāng)于每畝地節(jié)約了350元,而且還能省下400元的勞動成本。
“前端技術(shù)進(jìn)步的一小步,可能會解決小農(nóng)經(jīng)營主體的眾多難題,并帶來更加穩(wěn)定的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品供應(yīng)鏈?!逼炊喽喔笨偛藐惽镎f,希望通過這次比賽將新一代人工智能技術(shù)與農(nóng)事生產(chǎn)結(jié)合,為中國眾多的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)業(yè)帶和小農(nóng)戶提供一種更低成本、易于操作的數(shù)字農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)管理方法,并幫助他們獲益。
今年55歲的紀(jì)榮喜也認(rèn)為,農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中的人工智能應(yīng)用是必然趨勢。他在鎮(zhèn)江的實驗大棚里已用上了補光、補溫、溫濕度傳感器以及水肥一體化設(shè)備?!拔?0歲可能就不種草莓了,將來誰來種?怎么種?這是個亟待解決的問題,如果人工智能能學(xué)習(xí)到幾十年的種植經(jīng)驗,那是最好不過。”
目前,“人機(jī)大戰(zhàn)”的序幕已經(jīng)開啟,120天后,草莓種植到底哪家強(qiáng)?讓我們拭目以待。
人工智能如何應(yīng)用于農(nóng)業(yè)? 趙春江院士:分五步 ♂
人工智能如何應(yīng)用于農(nóng)業(yè)? 趙春江院士:分五步資料圖
“農(nóng)業(yè)人工智能技術(shù)可以提高勞動生產(chǎn)率、資源利用率和土地產(chǎn)出率,增強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)抗風(fēng)險能力,保障國家糧食安全和生態(tài)安全,實現(xiàn)農(nóng)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展,促進(jìn)從傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)向現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)的跨越。”中國工程院院士羅錫文說。
近日,2019年花城科技論壇暨農(nóng)業(yè)人工智能峰會在廣州舉行。與會院士、專家聚焦農(nóng)業(yè)人工智能話題,共同探討未來智慧農(nóng)業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新所面臨的機(jī)遇與挑戰(zhàn)。
人工智能如何在現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域中大有作為?“中國人工智能2030年要占領(lǐng)世界高地,智能農(nóng)機(jī)舉足輕重,自動駕駛農(nóng)機(jī)將成為智慧農(nóng)業(yè)的重要組成部分?!敝袊こ淘涸菏坷畹乱愫粲跽雠_優(yōu)先發(fā)展拖拉機(jī)自動駕駛的政策。
中國工程院院士汪懋華指出,智慧農(nóng)業(yè)中長期發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略研究應(yīng)該從智慧大田種植業(yè)、智慧設(shè)施農(nóng)業(yè)、智慧農(nóng)產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)后處理與精深加工等方面入手,要注意AI農(nóng)業(yè)應(yīng)用創(chuàng)新發(fā)展的冷思考。他認(rèn)為,“人工智能總體發(fā)展處于初級階段,要苦練基本功,研究行業(yè)具有類人智能的核心機(jī)器,推進(jìn)AI農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域產(chǎn)業(yè)應(yīng)用研究”。
中國工程院院士唐華俊表示,智慧農(nóng)業(yè)是數(shù)字中國建設(shè)的重要內(nèi)容。加快發(fā)展智慧農(nóng)業(yè),推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)、農(nóng)村全方位全過程的數(shù)字化、網(wǎng)絡(luò)化、智能化改造,將有利于促進(jìn)生產(chǎn)節(jié)約、要素優(yōu)化配置、供求交對接、治理精準(zhǔn)高效,有利于推動農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村發(fā)展的質(zhì)量變革、效率變革和動力變革,更好服務(wù)于我國鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略和農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村現(xiàn)代化發(fā)展。
人工智能農(nóng)業(yè)應(yīng)用如何走?中國工程院院士趙春江給出的答案是分五步走。具體包括:突破智能農(nóng)業(yè)應(yīng)用的理論、方法和共性關(guān)鍵技術(shù);制一批農(nóng)業(yè)智能感知、智能控制、自主作業(yè)、智能服務(wù)等智能農(nóng)業(yè)重大技術(shù)產(chǎn)品;開展農(nóng)業(yè)智能生產(chǎn)和農(nóng)業(yè)知識服務(wù)應(yīng)用示范;變革傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)方式,提升現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)水平;培育農(nóng)業(yè)軟硬件、系統(tǒng)集成、農(nóng)產(chǎn)品追溯和智能信息服務(wù)等產(chǎn)業(yè)。
人工智能將顛覆傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè),你準(zhǔn)備好了嗎(中英雙語) ♂
人工智能將顛覆傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè),你準(zhǔn)備好了嗎(中英雙語)人工智能正在顛覆農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域。這并不是夸大其詞,我們所熟知的農(nóng)業(yè)正在被重新定義。一聽到農(nóng)業(yè),大部分人腦海里浮現(xiàn)的是這樣的場景:隔壁農(nóng)民老王穿著工作服開著他的拖拉機(jī)在廣袤的田地上突突地轉(zhuǎn)圈。但是,這種場景我們的孫子輩可能看不到了。
Artificial intelligence is disrupting agriculture. This is not an exaggeration, and the agriculture as we know it is being redefined. Hearing agriculture, most people think of a scene where Lao Wang, a farmer next door, drives his tractor around a vast field. But it may not be seen to our grandchildren.
過去十年里,室內(nèi)種植技術(shù)取得長足進(jìn)展,室內(nèi)農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展前景越加清晰可見,它正變得越來越受歡迎。之所以會產(chǎn)生在室內(nèi)進(jìn)行耕作這種想法,最主要的原因就是想要加強(qiáng)控制。
In the past decade, indoor planting technology has made great progress, and the future of indoor agriculture is more visible, it is becoming more and more popular. The main reason for the idea of farming indoors is to strengthen control.
通過室內(nèi)農(nóng)業(yè),農(nóng)作物的生長環(huán)境可以得到充分的掌握。只要有錢,任何因素都可以控制:光線、溫度、二氧化碳濃度、肥料、水、通風(fēng)等等。這種控制會帶來顯而易見的好處,比如農(nóng)作物產(chǎn)量提升、成熟速度加快、耗水量減少,凡此種種在一小塊土地上就都可以實現(xiàn)了。
Through indoor agriculture, the growth environment of crops can be fully grasped. As long as there is money, any factor can be controlled: light, temperature, carbon dioxide concentration, fertilizer, water, ventilation and so on. Such controls can bring obvious benefits, such as higher crop yields, faster ripening, and less water consumption, which can be achieved on a small piece of land.
人工智能如何振興農(nóng)業(yè)?
How does AI revitalize agriculture?
人工智能通過利用實時數(shù)據(jù),采用一系列方法優(yōu)化農(nóng)作物生長,以此改良農(nóng)業(yè)。如前所述,室內(nèi)農(nóng)業(yè)可以通過監(jiān)測各種因素來掌控農(nóng)作物的生長環(huán)境。
Artificial intelligence improves agriculture by using real-time data and using a series of methods to optimize crop growth. As mentioned earlier, indoor agriculture can control the growth environment of crops by monitoring various factors.
舉個例子,Bowery Farming公司測量了一系列數(shù)據(jù),包括“光譜、光周期(晝/夜循環(huán))、光照度、灌溉計劃、肥料、通風(fēng)、溫度、濕度以及二氧化碳濃度”。接著,他們通過機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)算法對這些數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行處理,制定出合理的干預(yù)程序。
For example, Bowery Farming measured a range of data, including "spectrum, photoperiod (day / night cycle), illumination, irrigation plans, fertilizer, ventilation, temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide concentration."Next, they processed the data through machine learning algorithms to develop reasonable intervention procedures.
通過反復(fù)實踐和訓(xùn)練,當(dāng)控制系統(tǒng)儲存了足夠多的數(shù)據(jù)庫,就會變得比人類還“聰明”。該系統(tǒng)能夠通過葉子的顏色來檢測植物的健康狀況。一旦識別出問題,就會立即開始應(yīng)對。這里具體的問題是什么不是很清楚,但可以先假設(shè)問題在于缺乏光照。那么,人工智能就會增加這盤芝麻菜的光照時長。請注意這里的說法,增加的是特定的某一盤作物的光照時長。沒錯,人工智能可以做到對每一株作物和每一托盤植株進(jìn)行個性化照料。
Through repeated practice and training, when the control system stores enough databases, it becomes "smarter" than humans. The system is able to detect plant health by the color of the leaves. Once a problem is identified, the response begins immediately. What is the specific problem here is not very clear, but one can first assume that the problem is the lack of light exposure. AI, then, will increase the light duration of this arugula. Note the statement here that the addition is the length of light for a particular crop. Yes, AI can personalize the care of every crop and every pallet.
這真的太神奇了。實際上,我們可以實現(xiàn)將數(shù)千種作物種植在同一片土地上,并且同時分別給予特殊照顧,使得每一種作物都能夠蓬勃生長。
This is really amazing. In fact, we can grow thousands of crops on the same land, and give them special care separately at the same time, so that each crop can flourish.
實現(xiàn)這樣的操作依靠的是人工智能的一個技術(shù)分支——機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)。室內(nèi)農(nóng)業(yè)的大機(jī)器從每個種植周期中收集大量的測量數(shù)據(jù)。然后,機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)算法對這些數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行處理,從中學(xué)習(xí)以實現(xiàn)下一個生長周期的優(yōu)秀優(yōu)化。每一次種下一株植物時,一次生長流程追蹤就開始了。
Such an operation depends on —— machine learning, a technical branch of artificial intelligence. Large machines for indoor agriculture collect large amounts of measurements from each planting cycle. Machine learning algorithms then process these data, learning from it to achieve excellent optimization for the next growth cycle. Each time a plant is planted, a growth process trace begins.
最終,這些記錄匯總成種植某種作物的一份“秘方”。這張秘方之后可以用于該種作物的種植,勾畫出合理的生長軌跡,以實現(xiàn)優(yōu)秀的收成。
Eventually, the records are aggregated into a "secret recipe" for growing a certain crop. This secret recipe can then be used to grow the crop, sketching out a reasonable growth trajectory to achieve a good harvest.
有了這些數(shù)據(jù),我們不僅可以知道種植一株植物的用水量,還可以知道何時澆水合適。其他指標(biāo)也是同樣的道理。這些就夠讓人興奮,但它能做到的還遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不止這些!
With these data, we can not only know how much water is used to grow a plant, but also when to water it properly. The same goes for other indicators. That's exciting enough, but it's much more than that!
這些秘方會不斷進(jìn)行自我完善,以高效的方式使每種作物達(dá)到最優(yōu)風(fēng)味。通過對生長過程中的每一個因素做出細(xì)微的調(diào)整,從而找到合適的生長模式。甚至針對同一種作物的每一個托盤,其具體影響因子也可以調(diào)整。也就是說,生產(chǎn)一旦開始,成千上萬場提高產(chǎn)量的試驗也就開始了。而最妙的地方是,這些實驗不會帶來額外的生產(chǎn)成本。
These secret recipes will continue to improve themselves to achieve the optimal flavor of each crop in an efficient way. Find the appropriate growth pattern by making subtle adjustments to each factor in the growth process. Even for each tray of the same crop, the specific impact factor can be adjusted. In other words, once production begins, thousands of thousands of trials to increase production will begin. The best part is that these experiments bring in no additional production costs.
最后,當(dāng)作物到了豐收的時候,完成所有種植并進(jìn)行科學(xué)測驗的這套系統(tǒng)也會通知工作人員,告訴他們哪些托盤的作物應(yīng)該收割了。從種植到收割,人工智能改良了整個農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)流程。人工智能為室內(nèi)農(nóng)業(yè)提供了一套自動化管理系統(tǒng),有了這套系統(tǒng),種植越多,了解就越深入。
Finally, when the crop reaches a good harvest, the system, which completes all the planting and conducts scientific tests, also informs the staff about which trays of crops should be harvested. From planting to harvesting, AI improves the entire agricultural production process. Artificial intelligence provides an automated management system for indoor agriculture, with which the more you plant, the deeper you understand.
未來的影響
Impact of the future
現(xiàn)在,人工智能對室內(nèi)農(nóng)業(yè)的影響在商業(yè)和消費領(lǐng)域已經(jīng)顯現(xiàn)出來了。大部分室內(nèi)農(nóng)業(yè)公司的背后都有大型企業(yè)的支撐。
Now, the impact of AI on indoor agriculture is already visible in both the commercial and consumer areas. Most indoor agricultural companies are backed by large enterprises.
為了實現(xiàn)在最短的時間內(nèi)將食品送上門,公司需要配套相應(yīng)的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施。室內(nèi)農(nóng)業(yè)就提供了這樣的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施,可以實現(xiàn)在任何地點耕作,并且在最短時間內(nèi)產(chǎn)出。實現(xiàn)室內(nèi)農(nóng)業(yè)的戰(zhàn)略性選址,就可以打破運輸帶來的瓶頸,同時提高產(chǎn)品新鮮度。
In order to deliver the food to the door in the shortest possible time, the company needs to support the corresponding infrastructure. Indoor agriculture provides such infrastructure that can be cultivated in any place and produced in the shortest time. Realizing the strategic site selection of indoor agriculture can break the bottleneck brought by transportation and improve the freshness of products.
此外,消費者對有機(jī)食物的需求是一個商機(jī)。室內(nèi)農(nóng)業(yè)就是有機(jī)的,生長環(huán)境得到控制,也就不需要農(nóng)藥了。
In addition, consumer demand for organic food is a business opportunity. Indoor agriculture is organic, the growth environment is controlled, also do not need pesticides.
一些公司正致力于將有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)帶到消費者家中。Seedo就是這樣一家公司。他們有一種小型的設(shè)備,長得像一個迷你冰箱,可以種植任何東西。這個設(shè)備帶有一個集成式應(yīng)用程序,只要輸入正在種植的作物類型,剩下的就都可以交給設(shè)備了。它會在可以收獲的時候發(fā)出提醒,也可以通過內(nèi)置攝像機(jī),實現(xiàn)對作物隨時隨地的監(jiān)測。
Some companies are working on bringing organic farming to consumers' homes. Seedo is one such company. They have a small device that looks like a mini refrigerator and can plant anything. The device comes with an integrated application, leaving the rest of the type of crop being planted. It reminds them when they can be harvested, or it can use built-in cameras to monitor crops anytime, anywhere.
諸如此類的創(chuàng)新可能會就此改變我們的生活,人工智能和室內(nèi)農(nóng)業(yè)在解決糧食短缺問題乃至將糧食帶到發(fā)展中國家等方面起到至關(guān)重要的作用。盡管這些地區(qū)的限制主要在于能源消耗和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施,但是低成本的溫室水培作業(yè)同樣可以解決問題,可以借助先進(jìn)人工智能預(yù)先安裝的樹莓派(raspberry pi)。
Such innovations as this could change our lives, and AI and indoor agriculture could play a crucial role in addressing food shortages and even bringing food to developing countries. Although the limitations in these areas are mainly energy consumption and infrastructure, low-cost greenhouse hydroponic operations can also solve the problem, with advanced AI pre-installed Raspberry PI (raspberry pi).
布雷特·布萊恩說:“農(nóng)業(yè)是希望之業(yè)?!边@句話原本的含義是在形容傳統(tǒng)的種植過程中,種下種子企盼一年好收成的情形。筆者認(rèn)為,人工智能和室內(nèi)農(nóng)業(yè)也可以被視為希望之業(yè)。農(nóng)業(yè)與技術(shù)的新結(jié)合讓我感到滿懷希望,希望有一天每個人都能獲得穩(wěn)定持續(xù)的食物來源。
Brett Bryan said: " Agriculture is a business of hope."The original meaning is to describe the traditional process of planting, seeds planted for a good harvest. The author thinks that artificial intelligence and indoor agriculture can also be regarded as the hope industry. The new combination of agriculture and technology makes me feel hopeful that one day everyone will get a steady and continuous food source.
新農(nóng)人需要更多的知識,掌握AI相關(guān)應(yīng)用技術(shù)是第一要務(wù),否則我們將沒有“資格”作新農(nóng)人
New farmers need more knowledge, and mastering AI-related application technology is the first priority, otherwise we will not be "qualified" to be new farmers
2022年7月,農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部辦公廳、國家鄉(xiāng)村振興局綜合司、國家開發(fā)銀行辦公室、中國農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展銀行辦公室發(fā)布《關(guān)于推進(jìn)政策性開發(fā)性金融支持農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)的通知》,提出政策性、開發(fā)性金融機(jī)構(gòu)要在符合國家法規(guī)和信貸政策的前提下,優(yōu)先安排信貸規(guī)模,為農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施項目提供更多長周期、低成本貸款。在該文件中明確的七大重點領(lǐng)域中,現(xiàn)代設(shè)施農(nóng)業(yè)占據(jù)一席之地。
In July 2022, agricultural NongCunBu general office, the office of the bureau, China development bank office of the policy developmental financial support agricultural rural infrastructure construction notice, put forward policy, developmental financial institutions should be in accordance with the premise of national regulations and credit policy, priority arrangement credit scale, for agricultural rural infrastructure projects to provide more long cycle, low-cost loans. Among the seven key areas identified in the document, modern facilityculture occupies a place.
2023年3月,農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部辦公廳、中國農(nóng)業(yè)銀行辦公室印發(fā)《金融助力畜牧業(yè)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展工作方案》,提出支持發(fā)展設(shè)施化規(guī)?;B(yǎng)殖,加大對畜禽規(guī)模養(yǎng)殖場中長期貸款、固定資產(chǎn)貸款等支持力度;大力拓寬抵質(zhì)押品范圍,將土地經(jīng)營權(quán)、養(yǎng)殖圈舍、大型養(yǎng)殖機(jī)械、畜禽活體納入可接受押品范圍。
Agriculture and Rural Affairs and the Office of the Agricultural Bank of China issued the Work Plan for Finance for High-quality Development of Animal Husbandry, proposing to support the development of large-scale breeding and increase the support for medium and long-term loans and fixed asset loans for livestock and poultry farms; greatly expand the scope of collateral, and include land management rights, breeding housing, large-scale breeding machinery and live livestock and poultry into the scope of acceptable collateral.
從各地的實踐來看,多家銀行機(jī)構(gòu)推出了“大棚貸”“農(nóng)機(jī)貸”等信貸產(chǎn)品,有效解決農(nóng)戶發(fā)展設(shè)施農(nóng)業(yè)的資金問題;非銀金融機(jī)構(gòu)利用融資租賃等模式,服務(wù)大型農(nóng)機(jī)銷售、租賃企業(yè),在支持機(jī)械化方面發(fā)揮了重要作用。針對農(nóng)業(yè)科技研發(fā)和成果轉(zhuǎn)化,各地利用知識產(chǎn)權(quán)質(zhì)押貸款、政府引導(dǎo)基金、風(fēng)險共擔(dān)機(jī)制,有效拓寬金融服務(wù)渠道,增強(qiáng)金融機(jī)構(gòu)的工作主動性和積極性。
launched credit products such as "greenhouse loan" and "agricultural machinery loan" to effectively solve the capital problem of farmers to develop facility agriculture; non-bank financial institutions serve large agricultural machinery sales and leasing enterprises, and play an important role in supporting mechanization. In view of the research and development of agricultural science and technology and the transformation of achievements, local governments have made use of intellectual property pledge loans, government guidance funds and risk-sharing mechanisms toeffectively expand financial service channels and enhance the work initiative and enthusiasm of financial institutions.
據(jù)估算,未來5到10年,僅高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田、設(shè)施農(nóng)業(yè)等投資需求有近15萬億元,但現(xiàn)有金融產(chǎn)品在針對性和多樣性方面還有短板。面對不斷增加的資金需求,如何創(chuàng)新金融產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)、助力設(shè)施農(nóng)業(yè)由機(jī)械化向數(shù)智化轉(zhuǎn)軌,仍需金融機(jī)構(gòu)更進(jìn)一步探索。
It is estimated that in the next five to 10 years, only the investment demand for high-standard farmland and facility agriculture will reach nearly 15 trillion yuan, but the existing financial products still have shortcomings in terms of pertinence and diversity. In the face of the increasing demand for funds, financial institutions still need to further explore how to innovate financial products and services and help the transformation of facility agriculture from mechanization to digital intelligence.
智能農(nóng)業(yè)將是一個知識密集型產(chǎn)業(yè),對從業(yè)者的要求很高。這種情況下的新農(nóng)人,僅有農(nóng)業(yè)相關(guān)專業(yè)知識顯然是不夠的;必須要同時掌握“植物工廠”技術(shù),與商超對接……。種田會變得很輕松,但對知識的要求也會很高;種田的職業(yè)讓人羨慕,但僅有“十年寒窗”苦讀顯然不夠;如果有志成為這樣的新農(nóng)人,應(yīng)該現(xiàn)在就努力!為實現(xiàn)目標(biāo),加油吧??!
Smart agriculture will be a knowledge-intensive industry, with high requirements for practitioners. In this case, new farmers are not enough for agriculture; they must simultaneously master "plant factory" technology and connect with the supermarket..... Farming will become very easy, but the requirement for knowledge will be high, but only "ten years cold window" hard study is not enough; if aspiring to become such a new farmer, should work hard now! To achieve the goal, come on!!
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