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本文導(dǎo)讀目錄：

1、美國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)行業(yè)供應(yīng)鏈問(wèn)題現(xiàn)狀如何

2、美國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)行業(yè)面臨的困境及解決方式

美國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)行業(yè)供應(yīng)鏈問(wèn)題現(xiàn)狀如何 ♂

美國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)行業(yè)供應(yīng)鏈問(wèn)題現(xiàn)狀如何

近日，美國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械展NFMS揭示了一個(gè)重要主題：供應(yīng)鏈問(wèn)題仍然是農(nóng)業(yè)設(shè)備制造商面臨的主要問(wèn)題。一段時(shí)間以來(lái)，供應(yīng)鏈問(wèn)題一直是新設(shè)備推向市場(chǎng)的主要障礙，這個(gè)問(wèn)題可能會(huì)持續(xù)到2023年。

美國(guó)設(shè)備制造商協(xié)會(huì)AEM農(nóng)業(yè)服務(wù)高級(jí)副總裁柯特·布萊茲表示，在2021年和2022年經(jīng)歷的供應(yīng)鏈挑戰(zhàn)或許會(huì)伴隨我們更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間。無(wú)論是凱斯或是約翰迪爾，很多設(shè)備制造商承認(rèn)零部件采購(gòu)問(wèn)題一直是一個(gè)令人頭痛的問(wèn)題。

設(shè)備制造商在與供應(yīng)鏈基地不斷進(jìn)行的對(duì)話中，得到一些少許令人欣慰的信息是，情況在2022年下半年或許有所改善。

2022年第三季度和第四季度的業(yè)績(jī)表明，企業(yè)向市場(chǎng)交付訂單產(chǎn)品的能力有所提高。預(yù)計(jì)在20223年第一季度將繼續(xù)保持這種勢(shì)頭。

零部件供應(yīng)短缺

如今，世界各地的設(shè)備制造商都在努力解決同樣的問(wèn)題。供應(yīng)鏈問(wèn)題不僅持續(xù)存在，而且難以預(yù)測(cè)。

凱斯北美業(yè)務(wù)負(fù)責(zé)人庫(kù)爾特·科菲表示企業(yè)曾面臨過(guò)這種程度的挑戰(zhàn)，現(xiàn)在影響可能有所減輕，但還是沒(méi)有脫離困境。企業(yè)生產(chǎn)中有很多非常獨(dú)特的、高價(jià)值的定制鑄件，熱處理定制鑄件，都不能直接去購(gòu)買(mǎi)。

鑄件問(wèn)題是目前供應(yīng)鏈?zhǔn)艿降淖畲鬀_擊。無(wú)論是何種類型的設(shè)備，制造商都表示鑄件是目前的主要障礙。

美國(guó)大平原公司農(nóng)業(yè)事業(yè)部總裁詹姆斯·舒爾茨表示，在供應(yīng)鏈方面，這種問(wèn)題有點(diǎn)像“一刀切”的影響，鑄件是當(dāng)前面臨的挑戰(zhàn)。

AEM最近對(duì)其成員進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)調(diào)查，結(jié)果顯示：最受歡迎的組件是軌道及其包含的配件，但只有27%的最佳庫(kù)存可用。

在農(nóng)業(yè)和工程設(shè)備領(lǐng)域，半導(dǎo)體和芯片都供不應(yīng)求。兩個(gè)領(lǐng)域都有44%的最佳庫(kù)存可用。

由于供應(yīng)短缺的零部件不斷變化，制造商正在尋找多種方法來(lái)解決問(wèn)題。過(guò)去一兩年一直是定制鑄件、芯片、履帶和輪胎。有些企業(yè)成功引入了戰(zhàn)略采購(gòu)，去第三方市場(chǎng)從第三方那里購(gòu)買(mǎi)芯片，從第三方那里購(gòu)買(mǎi)價(jià)值數(shù)百萬(wàn)美元的芯片，把它們運(yùn)到合作供應(yīng)商那里，保持生產(chǎn)線的運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。

勞動(dòng)力短缺

無(wú)論什么產(chǎn)品稀缺，波及的范圍都遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)一個(gè)零件或一家公司。

供應(yīng)鏈挑戰(zhàn)的根本問(wèn)題都是勞動(dòng)力。2022年年底，AEM還就供應(yīng)鏈問(wèn)題對(duì)179家設(shè)備制造商高管進(jìn)行了調(diào)查，發(fā)現(xiàn)98%的企業(yè)仍面臨供應(yīng)鏈問(wèn)題，同時(shí)58%的企業(yè)供應(yīng)鏈狀況持續(xù)惡化。

AEM調(diào)查顯示，各種規(guī)模的設(shè)備制造商都在創(chuàng)新應(yīng)對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)，包括增加庫(kù)存和供應(yīng)商基礎(chǔ)，建立更垂直的供應(yīng)鏈整合，認(rèn)證替代供應(yīng)商，以及更多地關(guān)注供應(yīng)鏈可靠性而不是價(jià)格。

日益增長(zhǎng)的樂(lè)觀情緒

盡管不斷供應(yīng)鏈障礙不斷，但很多制造商的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者都持樂(lè)觀態(tài)度。行業(yè)情況正在逐步好轉(zhuǎn)，企業(yè)也在交付情況中實(shí)現(xiàn)了承諾。只要事情繼續(xù)沿著這樣的軌道發(fā)展，盡管前方仍有一些阻礙，大家對(duì)2023年的行業(yè)情況仍感到樂(lè)觀。

責(zé)任編輯：王婧

校對(duì)：趙弢

美國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)行業(yè)面臨的困境及解決方式 ♂

美國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)行業(yè)面臨的困境及解決方式

The agricultural machinery industry in the United States is highly developed and technologically advanced, with a long history of innovation and productivity. The industry is driven by the needs of the country's large and diverse agricultural sector, which includes crops such as corn, soybeans, wheat, and cotton, as well as livestock such as cattle and poultry.

Some of the key players in the agricultural machinery industry in the United States include John Deere, CNH Industrial, AGCO Corporation, and Kubota Corporation, among others. These companies produce a wide range of machinery and equipment for farmers, including tractors, combines, planters, sprayers, and irrigation systems.

The industry has also seen significant advancements in precision agriculture technologies, such as GPS-guided equipment and data analytics, which allow farmers to optimize their crop yields and minimize waste. In addition, there has been a growing trend towards sustainable agriculture practices, which has led to increased demand for equipment that can help reduce the environmental impact of farming.

Overall, the agricultural machinery industry in the United States is a critical component of the country's agricultural sector, helping to drive productivity, efficiency, and innovation in one of the world's largest and most important agricultural markets.

美國(guó)的農(nóng)機(jī)行業(yè)非常發(fā)達(dá)和技術(shù)先進(jìn)，具有悠久的創(chuàng)新和生產(chǎn)力歷史。該行業(yè)受到美國(guó)大型多樣化農(nóng)業(yè)部門(mén)的需求驅(qū)動(dòng)，該部門(mén)包括玉米、大豆、小麥、棉花等作物以及牛、禽等畜牧業(yè)。

該行業(yè)的一些主要參與者包括約翰迪爾、CNH、AGCO和久保田公司等。這些公司生產(chǎn)廣泛的農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械和設(shè)備，包括拖拉機(jī)、聯(lián)合收割機(jī)、種植機(jī)、噴霧器和灌溉系統(tǒng)等。

該行業(yè)還取得了顯著的精準(zhǔn)農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)進(jìn)展，例如GPS引導(dǎo)設(shè)備和數(shù)據(jù)分析，這使農(nóng)民能夠優(yōu)化作物產(chǎn)量并減少浪費(fèi)。此外，可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)實(shí)踐日益增長(zhǎng)，這導(dǎo)致了對(duì)能夠幫助減少農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境影響的設(shè)備的需求增加。

總的來(lái)說(shuō)，美國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)行業(yè)是該國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)部門(mén)的關(guān)鍵組成部分，幫助推動(dòng)世界上最大、最重要的農(nóng)業(yè)市場(chǎng)之一的生產(chǎn)力、效率和創(chuàng)新。

The agricultural machinery industry in the United States has several advantages, including:

Technological Advancements: The industry is highly advanced in terms of technology, with a long history of innovation and productivity. This has resulted in the development of high-quality, reliable, and efficient machinery and equipment.

Strong R&D Capabilities: The industry has strong research and development capabilities, with companies investing heavily in research to develop new and improved machinery and equipment to meet the changing needs of the agricultural sector.

Diverse Product Range: The industry produces a wide range of machinery and equipment for farmers, including tractors, combines, planters, sprayers, and irrigation systems, among others.

High Productivity: The use of advanced machinery and equipment has led to high levels of productivity in the agricultural sector, helping farmers to increase their yields and reduce costs.

Large Market Size: The United States has one of the largest and most important agricultural markets in the world, providing a large customer base for the agricultural machinery industry.

Strong Supportive Infrastructure: The industry benefits from a strong supportive infrastructure, including a well-developed transportation network and access to a skilled workforce.

Overall, these advantages have helped the agricultural machinery industry in the United States to become a critical component of the country's agricultural sector, driving productivity, efficiency, and innovation in one of the world's largest and most important agricultural markets.

美國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)行業(yè)有許多優(yōu)勢(shì)，包括：

技術(shù)先進(jìn)：該行業(yè)在技術(shù)方面非常先進(jìn)，具有悠久的創(chuàng)新和生產(chǎn)力歷史。這導(dǎo)致了高質(zhì)量、可靠和高效的機(jī)械和設(shè)備的開(kāi)發(fā)。

強(qiáng)大的研發(fā)能力：該行業(yè)具有強(qiáng)大的研究和開(kāi)發(fā)能力，公司投入大量的研究來(lái)開(kāi)發(fā)新的和改進(jìn)的機(jī)械和設(shè)備，以滿足農(nóng)業(yè)部門(mén)不斷變化的需求。

多樣化的產(chǎn)品范圍：該行業(yè)生產(chǎn)多種農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械和設(shè)備，包括拖拉機(jī)、聯(lián)合收割機(jī)、播種機(jī)、噴霧機(jī)和灌溉系統(tǒng)等。

高生產(chǎn)力：先進(jìn)的機(jī)械和設(shè)備的使用提高了農(nóng)業(yè)部門(mén)的生產(chǎn)力水平，幫助農(nóng)民增加產(chǎn)量和降低成本。

巨大的市場(chǎng)規(guī)模：美國(guó)擁有全球最大和最重要的農(nóng)業(yè)市場(chǎng)之一，為農(nóng)機(jī)行業(yè)提供了龐大的客戶基礎(chǔ)。

強(qiáng)大的支持基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施：該行業(yè)受益于強(qiáng)大的支持基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，包括發(fā)達(dá)的運(yùn)輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)和獲得技能熟練的勞動(dòng)力。

總的來(lái)說(shuō)，這些優(yōu)勢(shì)幫助美國(guó)的農(nóng)機(jī)行業(yè)成為該國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)部門(mén)的關(guān)鍵組成部分，在全球最大和最重要的農(nóng)業(yè)市場(chǎng)之一中推動(dòng)生產(chǎn)力、效率和創(chuàng)新。

The agricultural machinery industry in the United States faces several challenges, including:

High costs: Agricultural machinery and equipment can be expensive, making it difficult for smaller farms to afford and leading to increased competition within the industry.

Rapidly changing technology: Keeping up with the latest technological advancements can be a challenge, particularly for smaller companies with limited resources for research and development.

Regulatory pressures: The industry is subject to a range of regulations related to environmental concerns, safety standards, and other issues, which can add to the cost and complexity of producing agricultural machinery.

Labor shortages: The agricultural industry as a whole is facing labor shortages, which can make it difficult for companies to find and retain skilled workers to manufacture and service machinery.

Trade and economic policy uncertainty: The agricultural machinery industry is heavily dependent on international trade, and uncertainties related to trade and economic policies can create challenges for companies in terms of supply chains and market access.

美國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)行業(yè)面臨著多重挑戰(zhàn)，包括：

高成本：農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械和設(shè)備成本較高，使得小型農(nóng)場(chǎng)難以負(fù)擔(dān)，導(dǎo)致行業(yè)內(nèi)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)加劇。

技術(shù)快速更新：跟上最新技術(shù)的步伐可能是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)，特別是對(duì)于資源有限的小型公司來(lái)說(shuō)，其研發(fā)能力有限。

監(jiān)管壓力：行業(yè)受到各種環(huán)保、安全和其他問(wèn)題相關(guān)的監(jiān)管，這可能會(huì)增加農(nóng)機(jī)生產(chǎn)的成本和復(fù)雜性。

勞動(dòng)力短缺：整個(gè)農(nóng)業(yè)行業(yè)都面臨勞動(dòng)力短缺，這可能使得公司難以找到和留住制造和維修機(jī)械的熟練工人。

貿(mào)易和經(jīng)濟(jì)政策不確定性：農(nóng)機(jī)行業(yè)嚴(yán)重依賴國(guó)際貿(mào)易，與貿(mào)易和經(jīng)濟(jì)政策相關(guān)的不確定性可能給公司的供應(yīng)鏈和市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入帶來(lái)挑戰(zhàn)。

The agricultural machinery industry in the United States can address its challenges through various means, including:

Investing in research and development: Companies can invest in research and development to stay ahead of rapidly changing technologies and create innovative solutions that meet the needs of farmers.

Reducing costs: Companies can work to reduce costs by improving manufacturing processes, increasing efficiency, and leveraging economies of scale to offer more affordable machinery and equipment.

Emphasizing sustainability: The industry can place greater emphasis on sustainability, developing equipment that is more environmentally friendly and promoting sustainable farming practices.

Addressing labor shortages: Companies can invest in training and development programs to help address labor shortages and ensure a skilled workforce to manufacture and service machinery.

Diversifying markets: Companies can diversify their markets, seeking out new opportunities for growth and expanding their customer base beyond the United States.

Engaging with policymakers: Industry leaders can engage with policymakers to help shape regulations that promote innovation and growth in the agricultural machinery industry.

Overall, by pursuing these strategies and others, the agricultural machinery industry in the United States can work to address its challenges and continue to drive productivity, efficiency, and innovation in the agricultural sector.

美國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)行業(yè)可以通過(guò)多種方式應(yīng)對(duì)其面臨的挑戰(zhàn)，包括：

投資于研究和開(kāi)發(fā)：公司可以投資于研究和開(kāi)發(fā)，保持領(lǐng)先地位，創(chuàng)造符合農(nóng)民需求的創(chuàng)新解決方案。

降低成本：公司可以通過(guò)改進(jìn)制造過(guò)程、提高效率和利用規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)等方式降低成本，提供更為經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)惠的機(jī)械和設(shè)備。

強(qiáng)調(diào)可持續(xù)性：行業(yè)可以更加重視可持續(xù)性，開(kāi)發(fā)更環(huán)保的設(shè)備，促進(jìn)可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)實(shí)踐。

應(yīng)對(duì)勞動(dòng)力短缺：公司可以投資于培訓(xùn)和發(fā)展計(jì)劃，幫助應(yīng)對(duì)勞動(dòng)力短缺，確保具備制造和維護(hù)機(jī)械的熟練工人。

多元化市場(chǎng)：公司可以多元化市場(chǎng)，尋找新的增長(zhǎng)機(jī)會(huì)，擴(kuò)大客戶群體，超越美國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)。

與政策制定者合作：行業(yè)領(lǐng)袖可以與政策制定者合作，幫助塑造促進(jìn)農(nóng)機(jī)行業(yè)創(chuàng)新和發(fā)展的法規(guī)。

總體而言，通過(guò)追求這些策略和其他策略，美國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)行業(yè)可以應(yīng)對(duì)其挑戰(zhàn)，繼續(xù)推動(dòng)農(nóng)業(yè)部門(mén)的生產(chǎn)力、效率和創(chuàng)新。